In cold weather, you must stay warm to prevent serious health risks, including frostbite, hypothermia, chilblains (blisters or ulcers from the cold), and trench foot.
In wet, icy or snowy weather, there is also a higher risk of injury- take care and stick to gritted areas if possible.
Health risks to look out for
Hypothermia and frostbite are the main health risks to look out for. To prevent these, make sure to dress appropriately for cold temperatures- especially if you are sensitive to these conditions.
Hypothermia
Hypothermia means the body temperature has dipped below normal. Your brain and body can slow down, making it harder to think straight. How long your body is exposed changes the severity of the condition.
The signs of early hypothermia include:
- Feeling dizzy
- Having trouble moving or speaking
- Nausea
- A rapid heart rate
The signs of severe hypothermia include:
- Shivers from the cold coming to a stop
- Slurred or mumbling speech
- Feeling sleepy and disorientated
- Becoming careless about or unaware of your situation
- A slow and weaker heart rate
If you experience symptoms of hypothermia, it’s important to seek shelter and warmth. Hypothermia can kill- seek medical attention if necessary.
Frostbite
Frostbite commonly affects fingers, toes, and other parts of the body that stick out (including your eyes, chin, and nose). It’s very serious because you can’t feel it as your limbs go numb.
The signs of frostbite include:
- Cold, numb and pale skin
- Inflammation
- ‘Pins and needles’ or a stinging sensation
- Numbness or decreased sense of touch
- Blistering after rewarming
- Hard or waxy skin
- Stiffness in the muscles or joints
In the worst cases, frostbite can cause severe damage and serious infection, requiring amputation- seek medical attention if necessary.
